Author
Prof Sheela Rai
Organisation/Institution
National Law University Odisha
Country
INDIA
Panel
International Regulation of Trade
Title
Struggle for Survival: Fish and Human Sustainability
Abstract
“Fish… I love you and respect you very much. But I will kill you before the day ends.” Ernest Hemmingway The fisheries subsidy has become an important topic relating to sustainability. Unregulated production and consumption may lead to trade growth, but it is at the cost of depleting resources and the environment. The fisheries sector disputes have contributed significantly to the GATT/WTO jurisprudence. The present agreement on fisheries subsidies that was concluded in 2022 and has finally entered into force on 15 September 2025, is hailed as the first agreement that harmonises trade with environmental concerns. India had reservations about the agreement. India’s concern relates to the sustainability of its human population. The proposed paper will explore the two aspects of the issue. The study will concentrate on the State of Odisha in India. Odisha is a coastal state in India. The researcher will examine the subsidies given by the Government of Odisha to the fisheries sector in the State. The paper will also include an empirical study conducted on fish farmers and traders in two districts of the State, Cuttack and Puri, to examine their living conditions, fishing trade, and the challenges faced by them. The paper will present these findings in the background of India’s position and concerns.
Biography
Sheela Rai (Ph.D.) Professor of Law, National Law Unviversity Odisha, Cuttack India. 23 years of teaching and research experience. Specialisation International Trade and International Investment Law. Published 4 books, 5 edited volumes. Articles: About 40 articles published in national and international journals. Regular participation in conferences/seminars.
