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Dr Gardner is a Fellow of Private Law and College Lecturer at St John's College, University of Cambridge. As well as her position as an Adjunct Senior Research Fellow at CBFL, Dr Gardner held visiting positions at Princeton University, Columbia Law School, Max Planck Centre for International and Comparative Private Law, the Centre on Household Assets and Savings Management (University of Birmingham) and Griffith University, Australia. She holds an LLB/BIntRels (Griffith), an LLM (Government and Commercial Law) (ANU), and BCL/MPhil, DPhil (Oxon). Dr Gardner's thesis on the regulation of high-cost credit was supervised by Professor Mindy Chen-Wishart (Oxon) (who holds a fractional appointment at NUS) and examined by Sir Ross Cranston and Professor Christopher Hodges, passing with no corrections. In addition to her academic roles, Dr Gardner is an accredited arbitrator who specialises in aviation and telecommunications disputes.
Research Areas
Dr Gardner's research investigates policy development towards a fair and transparent lending environment, and suitable regulatory responses to irresponsible lending. She specifically focuses on the relationship with social policy and the private law relating to banking and finance. Dr Gardner is currently working with CBFL on a year-long project looking at alternatives to bankruptcy in Singapore.
Publications
Book Chapters
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'High-Cost Credit in the United Kingdom: A Philosophical Justification for Government Intervention:' in P O'Shea and K Fairweather (eds) Consumers, Credit and the Law (8,200 words - Ashgate Publishing, 2016) |
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'Responsible lending in the UK: what role does the state play?' in F Ferretti (ed) Consumer over-indebtedness, responsible lending and the insolvency of natural persons in the UK, Germany, Italy and Greece (9,800 words - Eleven Publishing, 2016) (with K Rowlingson and L Appleyard) |
Journal articles (double-blind peer reviewed)
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'Unsecured Credit, Moneylending and Protection of a Social Minimum in Singapore' (2017) Studies in Asian Social Sciences, vol 4, no 1 (8,500 words) |
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'Consuming Credit and the Variegated Financialization of Everyday Life' (2016) Competition & Change, vol 20, no 5 (8,500 words - with L Appleyard and K Rowlingson) |
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'Payday lending in the UK: the regul(aris)ation of a necessary evil?' (2016) Journal of Social Policy, vol 45, no 3 (8,100 words - with K Rowlingson and L Appleyard)
• Graded 3* by the University of Birmingham internal REF panel |
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'Legal Liability for Financial Advisors in Australia and Singapore: A Comparative Perspective' (2015) Global Review of Accounting and Finance, vol 6, no 1, pp 176-202 (12,900 words - with P Rajapaske) |
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'Unconscionable Conduct and Consumer Protection in Subprime Lending in Australia' (2014) Banking and Finance Law Review, vol 29, no 3, pp 485-515 (14,500 words) |
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'Traditional Pacific Land Rights and International Law: Tensions and Evolution' (2010) Asian-Pacific Law & Policy Journal, vol 12, no 1, pp 124-140 (6,900 words - with The Hon. Justice Margaret McMurdo) |
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'Insolvency Issues in Residential Mortgage Securitisation' (2008) Monash University Law Review, vol 34, no 2, pp 30-42 (9,900 words - with P Rajapaske) |
Short Journal Articles (single open peer reviewed)
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'High-Cost Credit and Welfare Reform' (2015) In Defence of Social Welfare, vol II, pp 32-35 (with K Rowlingson) |
Reports, Policy Papers & Law Reform Briefings
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'Response to Call for Input: High-cost credit, including review of the high-cost short-term credit price cap' (2017) Financial Conduct Authority Call for Input Response (with K Rowlingson and L Appleyard) |
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'Bankruptcy in Singapore: What Can We Learn?' (2016) Centre for Banking & Finance Law Policy Paper, National University of Singapore |
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'Unsecured Credit in Singapore: Protecting a Social Minimum?' (2016) Centre for Banking & Finance Law Policy Paper, National University of Singapore |
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'Benefit Delivery and Underpayment' (2016) Centre on Household Asset and Savings Management Briefing Paper (with K Rowlingson) |
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'Introducing a Time Delay on Access to Credit: Is it Just Delaying the Inevitable?' (2015) Research Paper for Archbishop Taskforce on Responsible Credit (with L Appleyard and K Rowlingson) |
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'Regulating Moneylending: Looking at all Sides' (2015) Centre for Banking & Finance Law Report, National University of Singapore |
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'Response to Financial Conduct Authority Consultation' (2014) FinCris Research Output: Consultation Response (confidential: with K Rowlingson and L Appleyard) |
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'Capping the cost of payday lending in the UK: What will the impact be? Paper for the Financial Conduct Authority' (2014) FinCris Research Output: Research Paper Requested by the Financial Conduct Authority (with K Rowlingson and L Appleyard) |
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'The Challenges of Regulating High-Cost Short-Term Credit: A Comparison of UK and Australian Approaches' (2014) FinCris Briefing Paper and Case Study |
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'Towards a 'cost of credit' cap in the UK: Lessons from Australia' (2014) FinCris Research Paper (with K Rowlingson) |
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'Singapore and Australian Auditor Liability - A Comparative Perspective' (2012) Report funded by Singapore Auditors Association (2012) (with P Rajapaske) |
Conferences and Invited Papers
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Presentation to the Centre for Banking and Finance Law, National University of Singapore on 'Increasing Transparency in Moneylending', Singapore, March 2017 |
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Ombudsman Association, Conference on Vulnerability, 'A Service for All?', London, October, 2016 (with Naomi Creutzfeldt) |
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Presentation to the Centre for Banking and Finance Law, National University of Singapore on 'Bankruptcy Laws in Singapore: What Can We Learn', Singapore, August 2016 |
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John Monash Scholars Foundation Symposium, 'High-Cost Credit Regulation: Protecting a Social Minimum', Oxford, May 2016 |
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Presentation to the Centre for Banking and Finance Law, National University of Singapore on 'Social Minimum Protection, Unsecured Credit and Moneylending', Singapore, February 2016 |
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Contracts in Commercial Law, 'Justifying Limitations on Credit Contracts: Ensuring a Social Minimum for Vulnerable Borrowers', Sydney, Australia, December 2015 |
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International Association of Consumer Law Conference, 'The Virtues of High Cost Credit?', Amsterdam, The Netherlands, July 2015 |
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Trust and Empirical Evidence in Law Marking and Legal Process Conference, 'Payday Lending: Locating the Sources of Trust in an Untrustworthy Industry', Oxford, June 2015 |
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Presentation to the Singaporean Ministry of Law and Institute of Social Policy on Moneylending Law Reform, Singapore, May 2015 |
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Centre for Banking & Finance Law Working Paper Series, 'Regulating Moneylending: Looking at all Sides', Singapore, May 2015 |
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International Conference on Trade, Business, Economics and Law, 'Responsible Borrowing', Oxford, United Kingdom, March 2015 |
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Attorney-General's Chambers, Presentation of Moneylending Research Findings and Law Reform Recommendations, Singapore, August 2014 |
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Insolvency and Public Trustee Office, Presentation of Moneylending Research Finding and Law Reform Recommendations, Singapore, August 2014 |
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Presentation to the Centre for the Study of Financial Innovation on the Potential Impact of Caps in the Short-Term Credit Market, London, United Kingdom, June 2014 (with Karen Rowlingson) |
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Centre for Responsible Credit Annual Conference, 'Responsible Lending in Australia: What can the UK Learn', Birmingham, United Kingdom, June 2014 |
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International Association of Consumer Law Conference, 'Consumer credit in the United Kingdom - Developing a debtor profile', Sydney, Australia, June 2013 |
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